太田述正コラム#4809（2011.6.15）
＜皆さんとディスカッション（続ｘ1234）＞
＜太田＞（ツイッターより）
　映画がらみで、この数日、18世紀後半から20世紀初頭にかけてのイギリスにおける魅力的な女性達の活動に瞠目し続けている。
　というわけで、しばらく日本の戦前史から遠ざかっている。
　どっちも関心ないって？　
　でもこのような「道草」のすべてが、僕の日本の「独立」という問題意識とかかわっている。
　「生活保護受給者18人に１人　最多の大阪市・・・」
http://t.co/Fr4zDbU　
　↑なんでそうなのさ。誰か説明してくれ！　そもそも、記事の中で説明がないということは・・。
　英米メディアに期待するしかないか。
＜Noranero＞（同上）
　最近不景気で本当に困っている人が増えたのと、以前からある種の人々は生活保護を受けるのがデフォです。
　籍を入れなかったり収入を別の通名の名義にしたり、そもそも税務署に捕捉されない商売をしたり。90年代終わりに知り合った人は濃いめのグレーゾーンの商売で年１億以上の売り上げ（経費を抜いても8000万以上）があっても生活保護を受けていました。
　都内の一軒家もトヨタセルシオ（レクサス）も持ってたのにｗ。
＜太田＞（同上）
　サンキュー。
　だけど、私の問いかけは、どうして、そういう人を含め、大阪市では生活保護受給者が多いのか、なんです。
＜薬の理屈の追究者＞
　＜「映画評論23：ヴィクトリア女王 世紀の愛/眺めのいい部屋」シリーズ（コラム#4804、4806）を読みましたが、＞ヴィクトリア女王の影響力に関して、ヴィクトリア女王のＸ染色体上の血液凝固因子の突然変異でヨーロッパの王朝・帝国の滅亡がもたらされた可能性、少なくともその原因の一つとして、お考えいただければと。
http://www.sciencecases.org/hemo/hemo.pdf　
Hemophilia＜（血友病）＞: “The Royal Disease”by Yelena Aronova-Tiuntseva and Clyde Freeman Herreid, University at Buffalo, State University of New York
に以下のような文章があります。
　自分も常々そう考えていたので、出典とともにお知らせしたいと考えました。
　Finally, our speculative natures compel us to mention that in 1995 two British brothers produced a new book (Queen Victoria’s Gene) with a breathtaking suggestion.
　Professors Malcom Potts, an embryologist at Berkeley, and William Potts, a zoologist at Britain’s Lancaster University, suggest that Queen Victoria might have been illegitimate.
　They point out that neither her father nor her husband was a hemophiliac.
　So either there was a spontaneous mutationa one-in-50,000 chance or Victoria is the daughter of someone other than the Duke of Kent.
　Think of the possible consequences to European history: no Victoria, and the current Prince of Hanover, Ernst (descendent of the brother of Victoria’s father), would be King of England today.
　More importantly, no Victoria would mean no hemophilic son of the Czar of Russia, no Rasputin, and no revolution?
　What are the chances of this scenario?
＜太田＞
　お示しの典拠、図解入りで分かりやすいですね。
　この話、ヴィクトリア女王とその晩年の「愛人」ブラウン（Brown）を描いた映画『Mrs. Brown』・・日本未公開。この映画のVHSビデオ/DVD/ブルーレイをお持ちの方は、貸していただけるとありがたい。ただし、日本の機器で再生できるものに限る・・の映画評を書く時が来るまで温めておこうと思っていたのですが、せっかくですので、今回とりあげましょう。
　この話、ヴィクトリア女王についての英語ウィキペディアにもかなり詳しく、典拠付きで載っています。↓
　・・・One of Victoria’s children, her youngest son, Leopold, was affected by the blood-clotting disease haemophilia B and two of her five daughters, Alice and Beatrice, were carriers. Royal haemophiliacs descended from Victoria included her great-grandsons, Tsarevich Alexei of Russia, Alfonso, Prince of Asturias, and Infante Gonzalo of Spain.[215] The presence of the disease in Victoria’s descendants, but not in her ancestors, led to modern speculation that her true father was not the Duke of Kent but a haemophiliac.[216] There is no documentary evidence of a haemophiliac in connection with Victoria’s mother, and as male carriers always suffer the disease, even if such a man had existed he would have been seriously ill.[217] It is more likely that the mutation arose spontaneously because Victoria’s father was old at the time of her conception and haemophilia arises more frequently in the children of older fathers.[218] Spontaneous mutations account for about 30% of cases.・・・
215.^ Rogaev, Evgeny I. et al. (2009) “Genotype Analysis Identifies the Cause of the ‘Royal Disease'”, Science, vol. 326, no. 5954, p. 817, doi:10.1126/science.1180660, retrieved 13 October 2010
216.^ Potts and Potts, pp. 55–65, quoted in Hibbert p. 217; Packard, pp. 42–43
217.^ Jones, Steve (1996) In the Blood, BBC documentary
218.^ McKusick, Victor A. (1965) “The Royal Hemophilia”, Scientific American, vol. 213, p. 91; Jones, Steve (1993) The Language of the Genes, London: HarperCollins, ISBN 0-00-255020-2, p. 69; Jones, Steve (1996) In The Blood: God, Genes and Destiny, London: HarperCollins, ISBN 0-00-255511-5, p. 270; Rushton, Alan R. (2008) Royal Maladies: Inherited Diseases in the Royal Houses of Europe, Victoria, British Columbia: Trafford, ISBN 1-4251-6810-8, pp. 31–32
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Queen_Victoria
　このヴィクトリア女王のひ孫のアレクセイ・ロシア皇太子が血友病で、両親がその症状を緩和することができた「怪僧」ラスプーティンにのめり込み、それがロシア革命の原因の一つになったというわけですが、10歳の時のアレクセイが、寝転がって空を見上げていたので、彼の姉の一人が何をしているのと聞いたところ、「僕は太陽と夏の美しさを心行くまで味わっているのさ。だって、いつこんなことができなくなるか分からないんだもんね」と答えた、という挿話は痛ましいものがあります。
　彼は、それから４年足らず後、14歳の誕生日間近の1918年７月17日、ボルシェヴィキによって一家もろとも虐殺されるのですからね。↓
　Alexei Nikolaevich, ・・・ (12 August [O.S. 30 July] 1904 — 17 July 1918), of the House of Romanov, was Tsesarevich (the heir apparent・・・) of Russia, and the youngest child and the only son of Emperor Nicholas II of Russia and Alexandra Feodorovna. His mother’s reliance on the starets Grigori Rasputin to treat Alexei’s haemophilia helped bring about the end of Imperial Russia. He was murdered, along with the rest of his family on 17 July 1918, following the Russian Revolution of 1917・・・.・・・
　He had inherited hemophilia from his mother Alexandra, a condition that could be traced back to her maternal grandmother Queen Victoria. In 2009, genetic analysis determined specifically that he suffered from hemophilia B.[4][5] His hemophilia led to controversy, as it led to gossip that his mother was having an affair with the Russian starets, Grigori Rasputin. Rasputin claimed to be able to “heal” Alexei when he was on the brink of death after spells of hemophilia-related complications. There are various explanations for Rasputin’s ability, such as that Rasputin hypnotized Alexei, administered herbs to him, or that his advice to the Tsarina not to let the doctors bother Alexei too much aided the boy’s healing. Others believe he truly possessed a supernatural healing ability or that his prayers to God saved the boy. Alexei and his sisters were taught to view Rasputin as “Our Friend” and to exchange confidences with him. Alexei was well aware that he might not live to adulthood. When he was ten, his older sister Olga found him lying on his back looking at the clouds and asked him what he was doing. “I like to think and wonder,” Alexei replied. Olga asked him what he liked to think about. “Oh, so many things,” the boy responded. “I enjoy the sun and the beauty of summer as long as I can. Who knows whether one of these days I shall not be prevented from doing it?”
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tsarevich_Alexei_of_Russia
　それでは、記事の紹介です。
　毎日と読売じゃ、後者の見出しの付け方の方が正鵠を射ている。↓
　「民主：大幅延長見送りへ調整　首相の孤立感強まる・・・」
http://mainichi.jp/select/seiji/news/20110609k0000m010138000c.html
　「首相の月内退陣しぼむ…会期60～90日延長も・・・」
http://www.yomiuri.co.jp/politics/news/20110614-OYT1T01170.htm?from=top
　移民政策について、私と全く同じ考え方の元入管職員がいるとはね。
　拍手拍手！↓
　・・・I estimate that Japan needs to welcome some 10 million immigrants over the next 50 years to avoid the negative consequences of population decline. That would bring immigrant numbers to about 10% of the population, the level in the U.K., France and Germany.・・・
　 ・・・in 10 years, the farming population will decline by roughly half. The fishing industry faces the same fate. ・・・
　One consequence of a shrinking population is that visionaries and risk-takers–entrepreneurs in business, politics, education, journalism and the arts–become scarcer and scarcer. That compounds the phenomenon that a society that was highly homogeneous to begin with has educated its people with standardized content in a culture that discourages too much free thinking. Lack of fresh faces makes the country seem increasingly sterile.
　Because Japan has traditionally been such a homogeneous place, many have feared the prospect of greater immigration. Yet a pro-immigration policy doesn’t have to undermine Japanese values or culture. If policy makers have the will to encourage greater immigration, they can find ways to do it well.・・・
　 Only 30% of foreign students graduating from Japanese universities stay in Japan. That number must be closer to 70%.・・・
　At a minimum, any foreign worker in steady employment should be able to apply for permanent status.・・・
　And despite caricatures of frightening or violent foreigners in the popular imagination, immigration won’t compromise public safety as long as Japan is attracting highly skilled, employed immigrants and allowing them and their families opportunities for social and economic advancement.・・・
http://online.wsj.com/article/SB10001424052702303714704576384841676111236.html
　ヨルダンが議院内閣制へと移行するのは早くて２～３年の後だとアブドラ国王が明言したよ。↓
　Jordan’s King Abdullah II said Tuesday it may take “at least two or three years” to put in place an elected government to replace a royally appointed one.・・・
http://www.washingtonpost.com/world/middle-east/jordans-king-says-an-elected-pm-cabinet-possibly-in-2-3-years/2011/06/14/AGgH7ZUH_print.html
　トルコの総選挙における与党の勝利は単独で憲法改正が可能なほどの大勝利ではなかったので、与党が目論んでいた議院内閣制から大統領制への憲法改正は困難になった。↓
　・・・Erdogan had wanted to convert Turkey’s parliamentary system into a presidential one based on the French model, with himself assuming the role of president. Voter turnout on Sunday was high — about 84 percent of eligible voters went to the polls. The Kurdish minority succeeded in winning 36 seats in the 550-seat parliament, which is more than they had ever won before, and which allows them a potential role in any development of a new constitution.
　Erdogan’s conservative AKP won 326 seats. A super majority of 367 would have been needed to change the constitution without referendum.・・・
　＜トルコはこのところ毎年８%成長を遂げてきているので、与党が勝利するのは当たり前だったんだな。↓＞
　”The Turks are pragmatic to the core. They gave Erdogan this victory, not because he is a pious Muslim, but simply because he gave them a better country, with more than 8-percent growth. Of all the G-20 countries, only China has grown at a faster pace. Erdogan has turned Turkey into a confident actor in the region, and the people like that. Perhaps he deserves the most credit for breaking the political power of the military, and along the way giving new freedoms to Christians and Kurds in his country.・・・
http://www.spiegel.de/international/world/0,1518,768347,00.html
　レーニンの母方の祖父はユダヤ人だった。↓
　In a letter to Stalin in 1932 — six years after Lenin’s death — Anna Ulyanova, Lenin’s older sister, wrote that their maternal grandfather “came from a poor Jewish family and was, according to his baptismal certificate, the son of Moses Blank.” Blank was born in Zhitomir, Ukraine. In her letter, Ulyanova said her brother “had always thought highly of Jews.” She also urged Stalin to reveal Lenin’s Jewish background, concluding that “it would be wrong to hide it from the masses.”
　Stalin, however, ordered Ulyanova to keep Lenin’s Jewish roots under wraps. A few years later, Stalin began to purge Jews from among the leaders of the revolution. Prior to his death in 1953, furthermore, he was preparing to send the whole Jewish population living in the Soviet Union to concentration camps in Siberia.
http://www.time.com/time/world/article/0,8599,2077413,00.html
　ズデーテン地方をめぐるドイツ人とチェコ人の確執↓は（省略したが）今なお続いている。↓
　・・・When World War II began, a German minority lived in the Sudetenlad, a region bordering Germany and Austria that Nazi Germany took charge of after the 1938 Munich Agreement. The following year, the Nazis invaded the rest of Czechoslovakia and stayed for the next six years until their defeat. The Czechs then drove out some three million Sudeten Germans in punishment for what was believed to be their part in the brutal occupation. ・・・
http://www.spiegel.de/international/germany/0,1518,768323,00.html
　パキスタンの「シャングリラ」の貴人となったワダ・アキコさんの物語だ。↓
http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/13637608
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太田述正コラム#4810（2011.6.15）
＜映画評論25：わが命つきるとも（その１）＞
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